Imperative

 

Повелительное наклонение (императив) глагола используется для выражения просьб, приказов, требований.

Отрицание Don’t ставится перед смысловым глаголом.

Don’t buy this book!
Don’t open the door!
Don’t ask Jim!
Don’t sleep!
Don’t talk!
Don’t work!

Для вежливых просьб или разрешений используется слово please («пожалуйста»), которое можно ставить как в начало, так и в конец предложения:

Please, come in!
Ask Jim, please!
Sleep, please!
Study the lesson, please!
Work, please!

Please, ask Jim!
Please, sleep!
Please, study the lesson!
Please, work!

И для вежливых отрицательных просьб или запретов:

Don’t read, please!
Don’t sleep, please!
Don’t talk, please!
Don’t ask Max, please!
Please, don’t read!
Please, don’t sleep!
Please, don’t talk!
Please, don’t ask Max!

1
These are imperatives:
Go. Help. Come. Wait.

We use the imperative like this:
Come in! Have a cup of tea.
Turn left at the post office.
Don’t touch! It’s hot.

Note that sometimes the imperative is one word, but often we give more information:

Help!
Help me!
Help me with my suitcase.

We can say please after an imperative to be more polite:

Help me with my suitcase, please.
Hurry up, please. We’re late.
Come here, please.
Listen to me, please.

2
We form the negative like this:
Don’t be late.
Don’t forget your books!
Don’t wait for me.

We normally use the short form Don’t.

3
We use the imperative:

>  to give instructions:
Turn right at the corner.
Don’t forget your passport.

>  to give warnings:
Look out! There’s a car coming.
Be careful! That box is very heavy

>  to give advice:
Have a rest. You look tired.
Take a coat. It’s cold today.
Don’t see that film. It’s terrible!

>  to ask people to do things:
Come in please, and sit down.
Listen to this song. It’s wonderful.
Pass the butter, please.

>  to make offers:

Have another orange juice.
Make yourself a cup of coffee.

>  to ‘wish’ things:

Have a good trip!
Have a nice holiday!

 

Дополнительные примеры: